KINESIO en la WEB

Artículos Seleccionados 1998 - FISIOTERAPIA

Comparative study of the effect of ultrasound and electrostimulation on bone healing in rats.

Laser photostimulation of collagen production in healing rabbit Achilles tendons.

Effects of activation pattern on human skeletal muscle fatigue.

Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation in the treatment of myofascial pain dysfunction.

Long-term transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) use: impact on medication utilization and physical therapy costs.

A randomized controlled evaluation of low-intensity laser therapy: plantar fasciitis.

Effects of energy-matched pulsed and continuous ultrasound on tumor growth in mice.

Título en Inglés: Comparative study of the effect of ultrasound and electrostimulation on bone healing in rats.

Autor/es: Zorlu-U; Tercan-M; Ozyazgan-I; Taskan-I; Kardas-Y; Balkar-F; Ozturk-F

Lugar: Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, The State Hospital of Antalya, Turkey.

Fuente: Am-J-Phys-Med-Rehabil. 1998 Sep-Oct; 77(5): 427-32

ISSN: 0894-9115

Idioma: ENGLISH

Resumen: This study was performed to compare the effects of direct current with ultrasound on fracture healing. Thirty-two rats were subjected to the experiment. Each rat's right legs were used as the experimental sample, and their left legs were used as the control. Four groups were formed, each consisting of 16 ultrasound, 16 electrostimulation, 16 ultrasound control, and 16 electrostimulation control animals. Fibular osteotome was applied to the rats under anesthesia. In the electrostimulation and electrostimulation control groups, a stainless steel cathode electrode was installed in the fractured side. In the electrostimulation group, 10 microA of direct current for 30 min, using a semi-invasive method, was given one day after fracture, for 15 days. On the control side, the aforementioned protocol was followed but sham treated. The ultrasound group was treated with 0.1 W/cm2 ultrasound for 2 min every second day for 6 days after fracture (4 times). Rats were killed on the 7th and 14th days to investigate the macroscopic, radiologic, and histopathologic parameters of fracture healing. There was a difference (P < 0.05) between the electrostimulation and the electrostimulation control groups on the 7th day. There was a difference (P < 0.05) between the ultrasound and ultrasound control groups on the 14th day. After statistical evaluation of the experimental results, it was found that in both the ultrasound and the electrostimulation groups, the fracture healing had been accelerated more so than in the control groups. There was no observed statistical difference between ultrasound and electrostimulation effects.

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Título en Inglés: Laser photostimulation of collagen production in healing rabbit Achilles tendons.

Autor/es: Reddy-GK; Stehno-Bittel-L; Enwemeka-CS

Lugar: Department of Physical Therapy, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City 66160-7601, USA.

Fuente: Lasers-Surg-Med. 1998; 22(5): 281-7

ISSN: 0196-8092

Idioma: ENGLISH

Resumen: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Low energy laser photostimulation at certain wavelengths can enhance tissue repair by releasing growth factors from fibroblasts and stimulate the healing process. This study was designed to evaluate the influence of laser photostimulation on collagen production in experimentally tenotomized and repaired rabbit Achilles tendons. STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 24 male New Zealand rabbits, ages 10-12 weeks, were used. Following tenotomy and repair, the surgical hind limbs of the rabbits were immobilized in customized polyurethane casts. The experimental animals were treated with a 632.8 nm He:Ne laser daily at 1.0 J cm(-2) for 14 days. Control animals were sham treated with the laser head. On the fifth day after repair, the casts were removed to allow the animals to bear weight on the lower extremity. The animals were euthanized on the 15th postoperative day, then, the Achilles tendons were excised, processed and analyzed. RESULTS: Biochemical analyses of the tendons revealed a 26% increase in collagen concentration with laser photostimulation indicating a more rapid healing process in treated tendons compared to controls. Sequential extractions of collagen from regenerating tissues revealed that the laser photostimulated tendons had 32% and 33% greater concentrations of neutral salt soluble collagen and insoluble collagen, respectively, than control tendons suggesting an accelerated production of collagen with laser photostimulation. A significant decrease (9%) in pepsin soluble collagen was observed in laser-treated tendons compared to controls. There were no statistically significant differences recorded in the concentrations of hydroxypyridinium crosslinks and acid soluble collagen between treated and control tendons. CONCLUSION: This study of laser photostimulation on tendon healing in rabbits suggests that such therapy facilitates collagen production in a manner that enhances tendon healing.

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Título en Inglés: Effects of activation pattern on human skeletal muscle fatigue.

Autor/es: Binder-Macleod-SA; Lee-SC; Russ-DW; Kucharski-LJ

Lugar: Department of Physical Therapy, University of Delaware, Newark, USA.

Fuente: Muscle-Nerve. 1998 Sep; 21(9): 1145-52

ISSN: 0148-639X

Idioma: ENGLISH

Resumen: Variable-frequency stimulation trains (VFTs) that take advantage of the catchlike property of skeletal muscle have been shown to augment the force production of fatigued muscles compared with constant-frequency trains (CFTs). The present study is the first to report the force augmentation produced by VFTs after fatiguing the muscle with VFTs versus fatiguing the muscle with CFTs. Data were obtained from the human quadriceps femoris muscles of 12 healthy subjects. Each subject participated in three experimental sessions. Each session fatigued the muscle with one of three protocols: CFTs with 70-ms interpulse intervals (CFT70); CFTs with 55.5-ms interpulse intervals (CFT55.5); or VFTs. Following each fatiguing protocol the muscles were tested with all three stimulation patterns (i.e., CFT55.5, CFT70, and VFT). At the end of the fatiguing protocol the VFT produced force-time integrals and peak forces approximately 18% and 32% greater than the CFT70, respectively. The testing trains showed that the VFT produced approximately 25-35% greater force-time integrals than either CFT and approximately 35-47% greater peak forces than the CFT70. For each testing train, approximately 10-15% greater force-time integrals were seen when the muscles were fatigued with the CFTs than when fatigued with the VFTs. These results support suggestions that VFTs may be useful during clinical applications of electrical stimulation.

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Título en Inglés: Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation in the treatment of myofascial pain dysfunction.

Autor/es: Kruger-LR; van-der-Linden-WJ; Cleaton-Jones-PE

Lugar: Department of Surgery, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg.

Fuente: S-Afr-J-Surg. 1998 Feb; 36(1): 35-8

ISSN: 0038-2361

Idioma: ENGLISH

Resumen: The effect of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) plus conservative therapy (ibuprofen, bite plate, self-physiotherapy) on myofascial pain dysfunction (MPD) was determined. A single-blind trial as done in 10 patients with MPD with subthreshold TENS (frequency 35 Hz, pulse width 100 milliseconds, modulation 50%) compared with sham TENS at 8 visits over 14 weeks. Pain was assessed on a visual analogue scale before and after TENS at each visit and the data were analysed with the analysis of variance (ANOVA) for repeated measures. A highly significant effect was seen for time (F = 4.80, P = 0.0003) but not for TENS. Subthreshold TENS did not increase the symptom relief produced by conservative treatment with the protocol used.

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Título en Inglés: Long-term transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) use: impact on medication utilization and physical therapy costs.

Autor/es: Chabal-C; Fishbain-DA; Weaver-M; Heine-LW

Lugar: Seattle VA Medical Center and Anesthesiology Department, University of Washington School of Medicine, 98108, USA.

Fuente: Clin-J-Pain. 1998 Mar; 14(1): 66-73

ISSN: 0749-8047

Idioma: ENGLISH

Resumen: OBJECTIVE: A study was conducted to assess a variety of treatment outcomes in long-term users of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) who suffer from chronic pain. Key components of the study examined the effects of long-term TENS therapy on pain-related medications and physical/occupational therapy (PT/OT) use. DESIGN: From a population of 2,(X)3 chronic pain patients (CPPs) who acquired a TENS device (Epix XL, Empi, Inc., St. Paul, MN, U.S.A.) for pain management, a randomly selected sample of 376 patients who used TENS were interviewed by telephone by an independent research firm. The survey assessed a variety of outcome variables including changes in medication use, number of pain-related medications, and use of PT/OT prior to TENS and after a minimum 6 months of TENS treatment. The data were subjected to a paired t test analysis. A cost simulation model was then applied to the medication and PT/OT data. RESULTS: The mean duration of pain, for which TENS was prescribed, was 40 +/- 60 months. As compared with the period prior to TENS use, this long-term TENS user group reported a statistically significant reduction in the following types of pain medications: opiate analgesics, tranquilizers, muscle relaxants, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and steroids. PT/OT use was also significantly reduced. Cost simulations of pain medications and PT/OT are presented. CONCLUSIONS: Long-term use of TENS is associated with a significant reduction in the utilization of pain medication and PT/OT. In this study population, cost simulations of medication and PT/OT indicate that with long-term TENS use, costs can be reduced up to 55% for medications and up to 69% for PT/OT. The potential for TENS associated improvement, combined with reduced medication-related complications and costs, are important points that clinicians should consider when constructing a treatment plan for chronic pain patients. Finally, cost simulation techniques provide a useful tool for assessing outcomes in pain treatment and research.

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Título en Inglés: A randomized controlled evaluation of low-intensity laser therapy: plantar fasciitis.

Autor/es: Basford-JR; Malanga-GA; Krause-DA; Harmsen-WS

Lugar: Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.

Fuente: Arch-Phys-Med-Rehabil. 1998 Mar; 79(3): 249-54

ISSN: 0003-9993

Idioma: ENGLISH

Resumen: OBJECTIVE: To determine whether low-intensity laser irradiation, a widespread but controversial physical therapy agent, is an effective treatment of plantar fasciitis. DESIGN: A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical study. SETTING: A sports medicine clinic. SUBJECTS: Thirty-two otherwise healthy individuals with plantar fasciitis of more than 1 month's duration. INTERVENTION: Dummy or active irradiation with a 30 mW .83 microm GaAlAs continuous-wave infrared (IR) diode laser three times a week for 4 weeks. MEASUREMENTS: Morning pain, pain with toe walking, tenderness to palpation, windlass test response, medication consumption, and orthotic use were evaluated immediately before the study, as well as at the midpoint and end of treatment. Subjects were also evaluated at a follow-up 1 month after their last treatment. RESULTS: No significant differences were found between the groups in any of the outcome measures either during treatment or at the 1-month follow-up. Treatment, however, was well tolerated and side effects were minimal. CONCLUSIONS: Low-intensity IR laser therapy appears safe but, at least within the parameters of this study, is not beneficial in the treatment of plantar fasciitis.

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Título en Inglés: Effects of energy-matched pulsed and continuous ultrasound on tumor growth in mice.

Autor/es: Sicard-Rosenbaum-L; Danoff-JV; Guthrie-JA; Eckhaus-MA

Lugar: Physical Therapy Section, Rehabilitation Medicine Department, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md., USA.

Fuente: Phys-Ther. 1998 Mar; 78(3): 271-7

ISSN: 0031-9023

Idioma: ENGLISH

Resumen: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: A diagnosis of cancer is a contraindication for the use of therapeutic ultrasound (US). Continuous US applied to murine tumors has resulted in larger and heavier tumors compared with controls. We compared tumor growth using low-power continuous US and energy-matched pulsed US. SUBJECTS: Female C57BL/6 mice (N = 174) were used. METHODS: Animals received subcutaneous injections of methylcholanthrene tumor cells. The mice were randomly divided into three groups: 60 mice that received low-power continuous US for 5 minutes at 0.75 W/cm2 (LC US group), 63 mice that received pulsed US for 12.5 minutes at 1.5 W/cm2 (pulsed US group), and 51 mice that served as a control group. The LC and pulsed US groups received equal US energy. Both experimental groups received 10 treatments of 3-MHz US, which was applied directly over the tumor. The control group received identical handling but no US. After treatment, the tumors were excised, weighed, and measured. A one-way analysis of variance, followed by Newman-Keuls post hoc testing, was used to analyze the data. RESULTS: Mean tumor weights (in grams) and volumes (in cubic millimeters) were 0.563 g and 564 mm3 for the LC US group, 0.560 g and 525 mm3 for the pulsed US group, and 0.516 g and 406 mm3 for the control group. CONCLUSION AND DISCUSSION: Reducing total US energy will result in less growth of murine tumors. When infusing equal energy, continuous and pulsed US will produce similar effects on tumor growth.

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